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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Kdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. STSdb

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Kdb vs. PostgreSQL vs. STSdb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonSTSdb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformHigh performance Time Series DBMSWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLKey-Value Store with special method for indexing infooptimized for high performance using a special indexing method
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.04
Rank#360  Overall
#52  Key-value stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­datastorekx.comwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­STSSoft/­STSdb4
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docscode.kx.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerSTS Soft SC
Initial release201320082000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 20031989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2011
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.6, May 201816.3, May 20244.0.8, September 2015
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoGPLv2, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++qCC#
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes, details hereyesyesyes infoprimitive types and user defined types (classes)
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like query language (q)yes infostandard with numerous extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceusing Google App Engineuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes infowith viewsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)rights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud DatastoreKdbPostgreSQLSTSdb
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
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Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
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Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
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Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
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Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
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Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud DatastoreKdbPostgreSQLSTSdb
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