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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Infobright vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Infobright vs. PostgreSQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonInfobright  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed reliable key-value storeAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformHigh performant column-oriented DBMS for analytic workloads using MySQL or PostgreSQL as a frontendWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.96
Rank#194  Overall
#91  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
cloud.google.com/­datastoreignitetech.com/­softwarelibrary/­infobrightdbwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmletcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
cloud.google.com/­datastore/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleIgnite Technologies Inc.; formerly InfoBright Inc.PostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2013200820051989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.4, August 201916.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial infoThe open source (GPLv2) version did not support inserts/updates/deletes and was discontinued with July 2016Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
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Implementation languageC++GoCC
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedLinux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes, details hereyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno infoKnowledge Grid Technology used insteadyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoSQL-like query language (GQL)yesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenousing Google App Enginenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyes, watching key changesCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Multi-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard infoexploiting MySQL or PostgreSQL frontend capabilitiesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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Apache ImpalaetcdGoogle Cloud DatastoreInfobrightPostgreSQL
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