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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. TerminusDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score10.22
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score2.93
Rank#90  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score76.53
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score0.15
Rank#326  Overall
#30  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtableazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databaseterminusdb.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqlterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaGoogleMicrosoftDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release2013201520102018
Current release4.1.0, June 2022V1211.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxhostedhostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyesSQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoTransact SQLyes
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes, with always 3 replicas availableJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoAtomic single-row operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole-based access control

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More resources
Apache ImpalaGoogle Cloud BigtableMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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