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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. FoundationDB vs. Spark SQL vs. TDengine vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. FoundationDB vs. Spark SQL vs. TDengine vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonTDengine  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingTime Series DBMS and big data platformTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score2.68
Rank#106  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­taosdata/­TDengine
tdengine.com
github.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlapple.github.io/­foundationdbspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.tdengine.comgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaFoundationDBApache Software FoundationTDEngine, previously Taos DataAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20132013201420192012
Current release4.1.0, June 20226.2.28, November 20203.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20233.0, August 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL V3, also commercial editions availableOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++ScalaCJava
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnononoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementssupported in specific SQL layer onlySQL-like DML and DDL statementsStandard SQL with extensions for time-series applicationsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Java
Python
R
Scala
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Rust
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducein SQL-layer onlynonoyes
Triggersnononoyes, via alarm monitoringyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark CoreShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesnoneyesyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoin SQL-layer onlynonoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnonoyesUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaFoundationDBSpark SQLTDengineTitan
Specific characteristicsTDengineā„¢ is a next generation data historian purpose-built for Industry 4.0 and...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh Performance at any Scale: TDengine is purpose-built for handling massive industrial...
» more
Typical application scenariosTDengine is designed for Industrial IoT scenarios, including: Manufacturing Connected...
» more
Market metricsTDengine has garnered over 22,500 stars on GitHub and is used in over 50 countries...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsTDengine OSS is an open source, cloud native time series database. It includes built-in...
» more
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