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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. FileMaker vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. etcd vs. FileMaker vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonFileMaker  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL Azure  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA distributed reliable key-value storeFileMaker is a cross-platform RDBMS that includes a GUI frontend.Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL ServerEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score48.20
Rank#20  Overall
#14  Relational DBMS
Score77.99
Rank#16  Overall
#11  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websiteimpala.apache.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.claris.com/­filemakerazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­products/­azure-sql/­databasewww.stardog.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmletcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
www.claris.com/­resources/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­azure-sqldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaClaris infoa subsidiary of AppleMicrosoftStardog-Union
Initial release2013198320102010
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.4, August 201919.4.1, November 2021V127.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercialcommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++GoC++Java
Server operating systemsLinuxFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
iOS infoclient part only
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoA http query request can return the data in XML formatyesno infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infovia pluginsyesYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
Filemaker WebDirect
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
PHP.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyesTransact SQLuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnoyes, watching key changesyesyesyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Source-replica replication, warm standby infosince Version 14yes, with always 3 replicas availableMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesyesyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanononoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnosimple rights management via user accounts and connection to external directory servicesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaetcdFileMakerMicrosoft Azure SQL Database infoformerly SQL AzureStardog
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