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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Ehcache vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Ehcache vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. PostgreSQL vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonEhcache  Xexclude from comparisonHawkular Metrics  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA widely adopted Java cache with tiered storage optionsHawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score4.64
Rank#68  Overall
#8  Key-value stores
Score0.08
Rank#366  Overall
#39  Time Series DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgwww.ehcache.orgwww.hawkular.orgwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwww.ehcache.org/­documentationwww.hawkular.org/­hawkular-metrics/­docs/­user-guidewww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaTerracotta Inc, owned by Software AGCommunity supported by Red HatPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer8Kdata
Initial release2013200920141989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2016
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.10.0, March 202216.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaCJava
Server operating systemsLinuxAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JCacheHTTP RESTADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaGo
Java
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnoyes infoCache Event Listenersyes infovia Hawkular Alertingyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoby using Terracotta ServerSharding infobased on Cassandrapartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryes infoby using Terracotta Serverselectable replication factor infobased on CassandraSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyTunable Consistency (Strong, Eventual, Weak)Eventual Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency infobased on Cassandra
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyes infosupports JTA and can work as an XA resourcenoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing a tiered cache-storage approachyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache ImpalaEhcacheHawkular MetricsPostgreSQLToroDB
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