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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Cassandra vs. etcd vs. SAP HANA vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Cassandra vs. etcd vs. SAP HANA vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonetcd  Xexclude from comparisonSAP HANA  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed reliable key-value storeIn-memory, column based data store. Available as appliance or cloud serviceMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeKey-value storeRelational DBMSMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS infowith SAP Hana, Enterprise Edition
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score44.69
Rank#22  Overall
#16  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#97  Overall
#2  Multivalue DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
www.sap.com/­products/­hana.htmlwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
help.sap.com/­hanadocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookSAPRocket Software
Initial release2013200820101985
Current release4.1.0, June 20224.1.3, July 20233.4, August 20192.0 SPS07 (April 4, 2023), April 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono infoalso available as a cloud based serviceno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageC++JavaGoC
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
Appliance or cloud-serviceAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
gRPC
JSON over HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenonoSQLScript, Ryes
Triggersnoyesyes, watching key changesyesyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"yesnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.yesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceyesnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoACIDACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess rights for users can be defined per objectnoyesAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaCassandraetcdSAP HANAUniData,UniVerse
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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