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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Datomic vs. Heroic vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. Datomic vs. Heroic vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHeroic  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embedded key-value store for Go.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityTime Series DBMS built at Spotify based on Cassandra or Google Cloud Bigtable, and ElasticSearchScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score0.51
Rank#255  Overall
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.datomic.comgithub.com/­spotify/­heroicneo4j.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.datomic.comspotify.github.io/­heroicneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaCognitectSpotifyNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release20132013201220142007
Current release4.1.0, June 20221.0.6735, June 20235.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++GoJava, ClojureJavaJava, Scala
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes infovia Elasticsearchyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnononono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIHQL (Heroic Query Language, a JSON-based language)
HTTP API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGoClojure
Java
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoyes infoTransaction Functionsnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
TriggersnonoBy using transaction functionsnoyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnonoUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaBoltDBDatomicHeroicNeo4j
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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