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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. CouchDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. BoltDB vs. CouchDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embedded key-value store for Go.A native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score12.45
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score8.30
Rank#47  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcouchdb.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­bigtableneo4j.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmldocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stablecloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerGoogleNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release20132013200520152007
Current release4.1.0, June 20223.3.3, December 20235.20, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageC++GoErlangJava, Scala
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnononoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes infovia viewsnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnononono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGoC
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenoView functions in JavaScriptnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
Triggersnonoyesnoyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Shardingyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenoyesyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneEventual ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesno infoatomic operations within a single document possibleAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosnoAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaBoltDBCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Google Cloud BigtableNeo4j
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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