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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Blazegraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Blazegraph vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Milvus vs. TiDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonTiDB  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesTiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSVector DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score4.66
Rank#70  Overall
#38  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgblazegraph.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.iopingcap.com
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlwiki.blazegraph.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mddocs.pingcap.com/­tidb/­stable
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaBlazegraphMicrosoftPingCAP, Inc.
Initial release20132006201620192016
Current release4.1.0, June 20222.1.5, March 20192.3.4, January 20248.0.0, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoextended commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusTiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.
Implementation languageC++JavaC++C++, GoGo, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoRDF literal typesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSPARQL is used as query languageyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIGORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceyesTransact SQLnono
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningShardinghorizontal partitioning (by key range)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factoryesyesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenononoyes infowith TiSpark Connector
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in Graphsno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes infofull support since version 6.6
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)yesRole based access control and fine grained access rightsFine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaBlazegraphMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMilvusTiDB
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
» more

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Apache ImpalaBlazegraphMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseMilvusTiDB
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