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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Badger vs. PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Badger vs. PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonBadger  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopAn embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score0.14
Rank#331  Overall
#49  Key-value stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orggithub.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerwww.postgresql.orgquestdb.io
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlgodoc.org/­github.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerwww.postgresql.org/­docsquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaDGraph LabsPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release201320171989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2014
Current release4.1.0, June 202216.2, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Aiven for PostgreSQL: Fully managed PostgreSQL for developers with 70+ extensions and flexible orchestration tools.
Implementation languageC++GoCJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsLinuxBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCGo.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reducenouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonepartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factornoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReducenonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACIDACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and Kerberosnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache ImpalaBadgerPostgreSQLQuestDB
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
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Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
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Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Apache ImpalaBadgerPostgreSQLQuestDB
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