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DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Blazegraph vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache Phoenix vs. Blazegraph vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Impala  Xexclude from comparisonApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionAnalytic DBMS for HadoopA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Widely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score13.77
Rank#40  Overall
#24  Relational DBMS
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websiteimpala.apache.orgphoenix.apache.orgblazegraph.comwww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationimpala.apache.org/­impala-docs.htmlphoenix.apache.orgwiki.blazegraph.comwww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by ClouderaApache Software FoundationBlazegraphPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2013201420061989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release4.1.0, June 20225.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20192.1.5, March 201916.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
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Implementation languageC++JavaJavaC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoRDF literal typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyesSPARQL is used as query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBCJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceuser defined functionsyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infoquery execution via MapReduceHadoop integrationnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in Graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles infobased on Apache Sentry and KerberosAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancySecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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