DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Apache Kylin vs. ClickHouse vs. Dragonfly vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Apache Kylin vs. ClickHouse vs. Dragonfly vs. Microsoft Azure SQL Database

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

A distributed analytics engine for big data, providing a SQL interface and multi-dimensional analysis (OLAP) and leveraging the Hadoop stack

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

A drop-in Redis replacement that scales vertically to support millions of operations per second and terabyte sized workloads, all on a single instance

Database as a Service offering with high compatibility to Microsoft SQL Server

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	1.18
Rank	#172	Overall
	#79	Relational DBMS

Score	16.34
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	0.41
Rank	#266	Overall
	#38	Key-value stores

Score	77.99
Rank	#16	Overall
	#11	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

kylin.apache.org

clickhouse.com

github.com/dragonflydb/dragonfly
www.dragonflydb.io

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/products/azure-sql/database

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

kylin.apache.org/docs

clickhouse.com/docs

www.dragonflydb.io/docs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/azure-sql

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Apache Software Foundation, originally contributed from eBay Inc

Clickhouse Inc.

DragonflyDB team and community contributors

Microsoft

Initial release

2013

2015

2016

2023

2010

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

3.1.0, July 2020

v24.4.1.2088-stable, May 2024

1.0, March 2023

V12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSL 1.1

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

Linux

hosted

Data scheme

yes

scheme-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

strings, hashes, lists, sets, sorted sets, bit arrays

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

ANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

Proprietary protocol

RESP - REdis Serialization Protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

C
C#
C++
Clojure
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift
Tcl

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Lua

Transact SQL

Triggers

publish/subscribe channels provide some trigger functionality

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

key based and custom

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

Source-replica replication

yes, with always 3 replicas available

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomic execution of command blocks and scripts

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, strict serializability by the server

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

Password-based authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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