DBMS > Apache Druid vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. Rockset

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. NebulaGraph vs. Rockset

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Microsofts flagship relational DBMS

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

A scalable, reliable search and analytics service in the cloud, built on RocksDB

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS

Relational DBMS
Search engine

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	824.29
Rank	#3	Overall
	#3	Relational DBMS

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	0.79
Rank	#211	Overall
	#35	Document stores

Website

druid.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

rockset.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

learn.microsoft.com/en-US/sql/sql-server

docs.nebula-graph.io

docs.rockset.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Google

Microsoft

Vesoft Inc.

Rockset

Initial release

2012

2011

1989

2019

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

1.23, February 2021

SQL Server 2022, November 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

BSD

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
Windows

Linux

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

yes

Strong typed schema

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

dynamic typing

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

ingestion from XML files supported

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

SQL-like query language

Read-only SQL queries, including JOINs

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

HTTP REST

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation

Sharding

Automatic sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

yes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and organizations can be defined via Rockset console

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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