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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. InfinityDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. InfinityDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonInfinityDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataA Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interfaceElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#378  Overall
#57  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgboilerbay.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designboilerbay.com/­infinitydb/­manualdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsBoiler Bay Inc.MicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developer
Initial release2012200220161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.016.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
All OS with a Java VMhostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyes infonested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical ‘tuple space’ runtime Schema upgradeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoall Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arraysyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoyesyes infostandard with numerous extensions
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/­docs/­ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
JavaC#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensions
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoREAD-COMMITTED or SERIALIZEDImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infoOptimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loadsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DruidInfinityDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQL
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