DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Immudb vs. Oracle vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Immudb vs. Oracle vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Widely used RDBMS

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Based on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
RDF store

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Spatial DBMS

with Oracle Spatial and Graph
Vector DBMS

since Oracle 23

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	1236.29
Rank	#1	Overall
	#1	Relational DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#256	Overall
	#117	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.oracle.com/database

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

www.postgres-xl.org

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.immudb.io

docs.oracle.com/en/database

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

www.postgres-xl.org/documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Codenotary

Oracle

Initial release

2012

2020

1980

2011

2014

since 2012, originally named StormDB

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

1.2.3, April 2022

23c, September 2023

23.3, December 2023

10 R1, October 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

Mozilla public license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

yes

Schemaless in JSON and XML columns

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

XML type, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like syntax

yes

with proprietary extensions

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

distributed, parallel query execution

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C#
C++
Clojure
Cobol
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Fortran
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
Tcl
Visual Basic

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

PL/SQL

also stored procedures in Java possible

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be realized in PL/SQL

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

isolation level can be parameterized

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

ACID

MVCC

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Version 12c introduced the new option 'Oracle Database In-Memory'

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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