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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. IBM Db2 vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tarantool vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. IBM Db2 vs. PostgreSQL vs. Tarantool vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTarantool  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-memory computing platform with a flexible data schema for efficiently building high-performance applicationsA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Relational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Spatial DBMS infowith Tarantool/GIS extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.72
Rank#144  Overall
#25  Document stores
#25  Key-value stores
#66  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2www.postgresql.orgwww.tarantool.iogithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2www.postgresql.org/­docswww.tarantool.io/­en/­doc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsIBMPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerVK8Kdata
Initial release20121983 infohost version1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20082016
Current release29.0.1, April 202412.1, October 201616.3, May 20242.10.0, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2commercial infofree version is availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSD-2, source-available extensions (modules), commercial licenses for Tarantool EnterpriseOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
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Implementation languageJavaC and C++CC and C++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
BSD
Linux
macOS
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedyesyesFlexible data schema: relational definition for tables with ability to store json-like documents in columnsschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesstring, double, decimal, uuid, integer, blob, boolean, datetimeyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsFull-featured ANSI SQL support
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Open binary protocol
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C#
C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.Lua, C and SQL stored procedures
Triggersnoyesyesyes, before/after data modification events, on replication events, client session eventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashSharding, partitioned with virtual buckets by user defined affinity key. Live resharding for scale up and scale down without maintenance downtime.Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Source-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsAsynchronous replication with multi-master option
Configurable replication topology (full-mesh, chain, star)
Synchronous quorum replication (with Raft)
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCasual consistency across sharding partitions
Eventual consistency within replicaset partition infowhen using asyncronous replication
Immediate Consistency within single instance
Sequential consistency including linearizable read within replicaset partition infowhen using Raft
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACIDACID, with serializable isolation and linearizable read (within partition); Configurable MVCC (within partition); No cross-shard distributed transactionsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, cooperative multitaskingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, write ahead loggingyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes, full featured in-memory storage engine with persistence
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess Control Lists
Mutual TLS authentication for Tarantol Enterprise
Password based authentication
Role-based access control (RBAC) and LDAP for Tarantol Enterprise
Users and Roles
Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
Apache DruidIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2PostgreSQLTarantoolToroDB
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