DBMS > Apache Druid vs. GreptimeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. SingleStore vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. GreptimeDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. SingleStore vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

An open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiency

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.12
Rank	#351	Overall
	#34	Time Series DBMS

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	5.38
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	2.07
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

druid.apache.org

greptime.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.singlestore.com

www.stardog.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

docs.greptime.com

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

docs.singlestore.com

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Greptime Inc.

Microsoft

SingleStore Inc.

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2012

2022

2014

2013

2010

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

8.5, January 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

free developer edition available

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

Java

Rust

C++, Go

Java

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

Android
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows

hosted

Linux

64 bit version required

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

yes

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

yes

SQL-like query language

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Python

JavaScript

yes

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

JavaScript

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding

hash partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Simple rights management via user accounts

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

GreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
» more

SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
» more

Competitive advantages

- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
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SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenarios

For IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
» more

Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
» more

Key customers

Greptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more

IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
» more

Market metrics

GreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more

Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.