DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Sadas Engine

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. NebulaGraph vs. Oracle Rdb vs. Sadas Engine

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

SADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environments

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Wide column store

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	2.14
Rank	#120	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	1.08
Rank	#184	Overall
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#158	Relational DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

cassandra.apache.org

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb.html

www.sadasengine.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

docs.nebula-graph.io

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/rdb-doc.html

www.sadasengine.com/en/sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/#documentation

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Vesoft Inc.

Oracle, originally developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC)

SADAS s.r.l.

Initial release

2012

2008

2019

1984

2006

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.3, July 2023

7.4.1.1, 2021

8.0

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

commercial

free trial version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

HP Open VMS

AIX
Linux
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

Strong typed schema

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

yes, on a single node

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

managed by 'Learn by Usage'

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Role-based access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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