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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. Weaviate

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonWeaviate  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSAn AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Wide column storeRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score1.73
Rank#143  Overall
#5  Vector DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-servergithub.com/­weaviate/­weaviate
weaviate.io
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverweaviate.io/­developers/­weaviate
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMicrosoftWeaviate B.V.
Initial release2012200819892019
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.3, July 2023SQL Server 2022, November 20221.19, May 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache version 2commercial inforestricted free version is availableOpen Source infocommercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++Go
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeyesyes, maps to GraphQL interface
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes infoall data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yesGraphQL is used as query language
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
JavaScript / TypeScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Javano
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infono "single point of failure"tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federationSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users can be defined per objectfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAPI Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidCassandraMicrosoft SQL ServerWeaviate
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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All companies that have data. ​
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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