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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PouchDB vs. SwayDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. PouchDB vs. SwayDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPouchDB  Xexclude from comparisonSwayDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessFully managed big data interactive analytics platformJavaScript DBMS with an API inspired by CouchDBAn embeddable, non-blocking, type-safe key-value store for single or multiple disks and in-memory storage
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Wide column storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument storeKey-value store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.34
Rank#112  Overall
#21  Document stores
Score0.04
Rank#387  Overall
#61  Key-value stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerpouchdb.comswaydb.simer.au
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerpouchdb.com/­guides
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookMicrosoftApache Software FoundationSimer Plaha
Initial release20122008201920122018
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.3, July 2023cloud service with continuous releases7.1.1, June 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoGNU Affero GPL V3.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScriptScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnono
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionall fields are automatically indexedyes infovia viewsno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST infoonly for PouchDB Server
JavaScript API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
JavaScriptJava
Kotlin
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RView functions in JavaScriptno
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding infowith a proxy-based framework, named couchdb-loungenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
Source-replica replication infoalso with CouchDB databases
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnonoAtomic execution of operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoby using IndexedDB, WebSQL or LevelDB as backendyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAzure Active Directory Authenticationnono
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidCassandraMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPouchDBSwayDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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