DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Memgraph vs. SingleStore

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Hawkular Metrics vs. Memgraph vs. SingleStore

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Hawkular metrics is the metric storage of the Red Hat sponsored Hawkular monitoring system. It is based on Cassandra.

An open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4j

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	0.00
Rank	#379	Overall
	#40	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.02
Rank	#98	Overall
	#8	Graph DBMS

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Website

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

www.hawkular.org/hawkular-metrics/docs/user-guide

memgraph.com/docs

docs.singlestore.com

Social network pages

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Community supported by Red Hat

Memgraph Ltd

SingleStore Inc.

Initial release

2012

2008

2014

2017

2013

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.3, July 2023

8.5, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition available

commercial

free developer edition available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

Java

C and C++

C++, Go

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

64 bit version required

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

HTTP REST

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Go
Java
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

via Hawkular Alerting

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Sharding

dynamic graph partitioning

Sharding

hash partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

with snapshot isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changes

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Users, roles and permissions

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
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SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
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SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
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Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
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F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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