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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Microsoft SQL Server

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonFirebase Realtime Database  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessCloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.Microsofts flagship relational DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Wide column storeDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score14.29
Rank#39  Overall
#6  Document stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Websitedruid.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgfirebase.google.com/­products/­realtime-databasewww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-server
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestfirebase.google.com/­docs/­databaselearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-server
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookGoogle infoacquired by Google 2014Microsoft
Initial release2012200820121989
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.3, July 2023SQL Server 2022, November 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial inforestricted free version is available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
C#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonolimited functionality with using 'rules'Transact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
TriggersnoyesCallbacks are triggered when data changesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infono "single point of failure"tables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Edition
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency infoif the client is offline
Immediate Consistency infoif the client is online
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsyesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users can be defined per objectyes, based on authentication and database rulesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidCassandraFirebase Realtime DatabaseMicrosoft SQL Server
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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