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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Elasticsearch vs. RethinkDB vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. Cassandra vs. Elasticsearch vs. RethinkDB vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparisonRocksDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Wide column storeSearch engineDocument storeKey-value store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Document store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.34
Rank#88  Overall
#48  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score2.74
Rank#105  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score3.65
Rank#85  Overall
#11  Key-value stores
Websitedruid.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchrethinkdb.comrocksdb.org
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmlrethinkdb.com/­docsgithub.com/­facebook/­rocksdb/­wiki
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookElasticThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017Facebook, Inc.
Initial release20122008201020092013
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.3, July 20238.6, January 20232.4.1, August 20208.11.4, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoElastic LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoBSD
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometryno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query languagenono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
C++ API
Java API
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesno
Triggersnoyesyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basedSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingSharding inforange basedhorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleyesSource-replica replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesES-Hadoop Connectoryesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsnoAtomic single-document operationsyes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC basedyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoMemcached and Redis integrationnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemAccess rights for users can be defined per objectyes infousers and table-level permissionsno
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidCassandraElasticsearchRethinkDBRocksDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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