DBMS > Apache Druid vs. BoltDB vs. Cassandra vs. LeanXcale vs. TigerGraph

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. BoltDB vs. Cassandra vs. LeanXcale vs. TigerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

An embedded key-value store for Go.

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

A complete, distributed, parallel graph computing platform supporting web-scale data analytics in real-time

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Key-value store

Wide column store

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.25
Rank	#90	Overall
	#47	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.80
Rank	#215	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	98.83
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	0.36
Rank	#280	Overall
	#40	Key-value stores
	#129	Relational DBMS

Score	1.80
Rank	#138	Overall
	#13	Graph DBMS

Website

druid.apache.org

github.com/boltdb/bolt

cassandra.apache.org

www.leanxcale.com

www.tigergraph.com

Technical documentation

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

docs.tigergraph.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

LeanXcale

Initial release

2012

2013

2008

2015

2017

Current release

29.0.1, April 2024

4.1.3, July 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Unix

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL for querying

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

through Apache Derby

SQL-like query language (GSQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

GSQL (TigerGraph Query Language)
Kafka
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
Java
Scala

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

none

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

none

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing models

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