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DBMS > Apache Druid vs. BoltDB vs. Cassandra vs. LeanXcale vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Apache Druid vs. BoltDB vs. Cassandra vs. LeanXcale vs. RDFox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Druid  Xexclude from comparisonBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionOpen-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality dataAn embedded key-value store for Go.Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Key-value storeWide column storeKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.25
Rank#90  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
#7  Time Series DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#300  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Websitedruid.apache.orggithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcassandra.apache.orgwww.leanxcale.comwww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationdruid.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­designcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookLeanXcaleOxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release20122013200820152017
Current release29.0.1, April 20244.1.3, July 20236.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache license v2Open Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache version 2commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoJavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Unix
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyes infoschema-less columns are supportedschema-freeschema-freeyesyes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesnorestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solution
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL for queryingnoSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes infothrough Apache Derbyno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesClojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala
GoC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
Java
Scala
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonono
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infomanual/auto, time-basednoneSharding infono "single point of failure"
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage enginesnoneselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possiblereplication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesno infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlRBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and systemnoAccess rights for users can be defined per objectRoles, resources, and access types
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DruidBoltDBCassandraLeanXcaleRDFox
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
» more
Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
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