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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Microsoft Access vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. PostgreSQL vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Access  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageMicrosoft Access combines a backend RDBMS (JET / ACE Engine) with a GUI frontend for data manipulation and queries. infoThe Access frontend is often used for accessing other datasources (DBMS, Excel, etc.)Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score104.92
Rank#11  Overall
#8  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score1.31
Rank#163  Overall
#74  Relational DBMS
Websitedrill.apache.orgwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­microsoft-365/­accessazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docsdeveloper.microsoft.com/­en-us/­accessdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperApache Software FoundationMicrosoftMicrosoftPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release2012199220161989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1998
Current release1.20.3, January 20231902 (16.0.11328.20222), March 201916.3, May 202411 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2commercial infoBundled with Microsoft OfficecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Windows infoNot a real database server, but making use of DLLshostedFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantyes infobut not compliant to any SQL standardyesyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
DAO
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesC++C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java (JDBC-ODBC)
VBA
Visual Basic.NET
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-engineTransact SQLuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.PL/SQL
Triggersnoyes infosince Access 2010 using the ACE-enginenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACID infobut no files for transaction loggingACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyes infobut no files for transaction loggingyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourcenoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceno infoa simple user-level security was built in till version Access 2003yesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache DrillMicrosoft AccessMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehousePostgreSQLTimesTen
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