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DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Cassandra vs. OrientDB vs. RDF4J vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Cassandra vs. OrientDB vs. RDF4J vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Drill  Xexclude from comparisonCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionSchema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud StorageWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument store
Relational DBMS
Wide column storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
RDF storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.95
Rank#127  Overall
#23  Document stores
#60  Relational DBMS
Score101.89
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitedrill.apache.orgcassandra.apache.orgorientdb.orgrdf4j.orggithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdrill.apache.org/­docscassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.htmlrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperApache Software FoundationApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.8Kdata
Initial release20122008201020042016
Current release1.20.3, January 20234.1.3, July 20233.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")yes infoRDF Schemasschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnorestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliantSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)SQL-like query language, no joinsno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesC++C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoJava, Javascriptyes
TriggersnoyesHooksyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replicationnoneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanono infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentDepending on the underlying data sourceyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.Depending on the underlying data sourceno
User concepts infoAccess controlDepending on the underlying data sourceAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablenoAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache DrillCassandraOrientDBRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameToroDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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