DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Apache Impala vs. Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. Netezza

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Apache Impala vs. Cassandra vs. LevelDB vs. Netezza

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Data warehouse and analytics appliance part of IBM PureSystems

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.28
Rank	#119	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	14.03
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	103.86
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	2.75
Rank	#107	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	10.18
Rank	#46	Overall
	#29	Relational DBMS

Website

drill.apache.org

impala.apache.org

cassandra.apache.org

github.com/google/leveldb

www.ibm.com/products/netezza

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

Google

IBM

Initial release

2012

2013

2008

2011

2000

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

4.1.0, June 2022

4.1.3, July 2023

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

included in appliance

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

Supported programming languages

C++

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C
C++
Fortran
Java
Lua
Perl
Python
R

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more

Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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