DBMS > Apache Drill vs. Apache Druid vs. Blazegraph vs. Cassandra vs. HarperDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Drill vs. Apache Druid vs. Blazegraph vs. Cassandra vs. HarperDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.

Description

Schema-free SQL Query Engine for Hadoop, NoSQL and Cloud Storage

Open-source analytics data store designed for sub-second OLAP queries on high dimensionality and high cardinality data

High-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.

Wide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB

Optimized for write access

Ultra-low latency distributed database with an intuitive REST API supporting NoSQL and SQL (including joins). Deployment of functions and databases simultaneously with a consolidated node-level architecture.

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Wide column store

Document store

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

starting with release V5

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.95
Rank	#127	Overall
	#23	Document stores
	#60	Relational DBMS

Score	3.34
Rank	#88	Overall
	#48	Relational DBMS
	#7	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.75
Rank	#219	Overall
	#19	Graph DBMS
	#8	RDF stores

Score	101.89
Rank	#12	Overall
	#1	Wide column stores

Score	0.55
Rank	#248	Overall
	#38	Document stores

Website

Technical documentation

drill.apache.org/docs

druid.apache.org/docs/latest/design

wiki.blazegraph.com

cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest

docs.harperdb.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

Blazegraph

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top level project, originally developped by Facebook

HarperDB

Initial release

2012

2006

2008

2017

Current release

1.20.3, January 2023

29.0.1, April 2024

2.1.5, March 2019

4.1.3, July 2023

3.1, August 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache license v2

Open Source

extended commercial license available

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

free community edition available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.

Implementation language

Java

Node.js

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-less columns are supported

schema-free

dynamic schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

RDF literal types

yes

JSON data types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

restricted

only equality queries, not always the best performing solution

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL SELECT statement is SQL:2003 compliant

SQL for querying

SPARQL is used as query language

SQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)

SQL-like data manipulation statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3

Proprietary protocol

CQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift

JDBC
ODBC
React Hooks
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

C++

Clojure
JavaScript
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby

C#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C#
C++
ColdFusion
D
Dart
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
MatLab
Objective C
Perl
PHP
PowerShell
Prolog
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Swift

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Custom Functions

since release 3.1

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

manual/auto, time-based

Sharding

no "single point of failure"

A table resides as a whole on one (or more) nodes in a cluster

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes, via HDFS, S3 or other storage engines

yes

selectable replication factor

Representation of geographical distribution of servers is possible

yes

the nodes on which a table resides can be defined

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

can be individually decided for each write operation

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in Graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomicity and isolation are supported for single operations

Atomic execution of specific operations

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

yes, using LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

Depending on the underlying data source

yes

User concepts

Access control

Depending on the underlying data source

RBAC using LDAP or Druid internals for users and groups for read/write by datasource and system

Security and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)

Access rights for users can be defined per object

Access rights for users and roles

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Apache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantages

No single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenarios

Internet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customers

Apple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metrics

Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing models

Apache licenseÂ Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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