DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OrientDB vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. OrientDB vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Search-as-a-service for web and mobile app development

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Search engine

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	5.52
Rank	#59	Overall
	#6	Search engines

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	3.25
Rank	#89	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/search

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

orientdb.org

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/search

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Microsoft

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2012

2015

2016

2010

2014

Current release

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
Java
JavaScript
Python

C#
Java
PHP

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

Transact SQL

Java, Javascript

user defined functions

Triggers

Hooks

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Multi-source replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

using Azure authentication

yes

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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