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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. LokiJS vs. Microsoft SQL Server vs. RDFox

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft SQL Server  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsIn-memory JavaScript DBMSMicrosofts flagship relational DBMSHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score824.29
Rank#3  Overall
#3  Relational DBMS
Score0.23
Rank#308  Overall
#25  Graph DBMS
#14  RDF stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.microsoft.com/­en-us/­sql-serverwww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshifttechfort.github.io/­LokiJSlearn.microsoft.com/­en-US/­sql/­sql-serverdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)MicrosoftOxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release2012201419892017
Current releaseSQL Server 2022, November 20226.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Sourcecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaScriptC++C++
Server operating systemshostedserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesrestrictedyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardnoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Tabular Data Stream (TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCJavaScriptC#
C++
Delphi
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Visual Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin PythonView functions in JavaScriptTransact SQL, .NET languages, R, Python and (with SQL Server 2019) Java
Triggersnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonetables can be distributed across several files (horizontal partitioning); sharding through federation
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneyes, but depending on the SQL-Server Editionreplication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRoles, resources, and access types

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftLokiJSMicrosoft SQL ServerRDFox
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