DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. LevelDB vs. PostGIS vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. LevelDB vs. PostGIS vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Spatial extension of PostgreSQL

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	21.72
Rank	#29	Overall
	#1	Spatial DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

github.com/google/leveldb

postgis.net

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

postgis.net/documentation

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2012

2011

2005

2004

Current release

1.23, February 2021

3.4.2, February 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

GPL v2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

yes

based on PostgreSQL

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

based on PostgreSQL

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