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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. HEAVY.AI vs. InterSystems Caché vs. NebulaGraph vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. HEAVY.AI vs. InterSystems Caché vs. NebulaGraph vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022  Xexclude from comparisonInterSystems Caché  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
Caché is a deprecated database engine which is substituted with InterSystems IRIS. It therefore is removed from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsA high performance, column-oriented RDBMS, specifically developed to harness the massive parallelism of modern CPU and GPU hardwareA multi-model DBMS and application serverA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSDocument storeSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score1.77
Rank#141  Overall
#65  Relational DBMS
Score2.14
Rank#120  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftgithub.com/­heavyai/­heavydb
www.heavy.ai
www.intersystems.com/­products/­cachegithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
virtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.heavy.aidocs.intersystems.comdocs.nebula-graph.iodocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)HEAVY.AI, Inc.InterSystemsVesoft Inc.OpenLink Software
Initial release20122016199720191998
Current release5.10, January 20222018.1.4, May 20207.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; enterprise edition availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCC++ and CUDAC++C
Server operating systemshostedLinuxAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxAIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesdepending on used data modelStrong typed schemayes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesnoyes
Secondary indexesrestrictednoyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyesyesSQL-like query languageyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Vega
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/Thrift
Python
C#
C++
Java
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonnoyesuser defined functionsyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoRound robinnoneShardingyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocolChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesyes infoRelationships in graphsyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnoACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and rolesRole-based access controlFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022InterSystems CachéNebulaGraphVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Largest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftHEAVY.AI infoFormerly named 'OmniSci', rebranded to 'HEAVY.AI' in March 2022InterSystems CachéNebulaGraphVirtuoso
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