DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. InterSystems IRIS vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

A containerised multi-model DBMS, interoperability and analytics data platform with wide capabilities for vertical and horizontal scalability

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	2.89
Rank	#103	Overall
	#52	Relational DBMS

Score	4.05
Rank	#83	Overall
	#14	Document stores
	#10	Key-value stores
	#1	Object oriented DBMS
	#45	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/spanner

www.intersystems.com/products/intersystems-iris

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

docs.intersystems.com/irislatest/csp/docbook/DocBook.UI.Page.cls

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

InterSystems

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2012

2017

2018

2019

Current release

2023.3, June 2023

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

AIX
Linux
macOS
Ubuntu
Windows

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

yes

depending on used data model

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

Source-replica replication

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

InterSystems IRIS is a complete cloud-first data platform which includes a multi-model...
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