DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. GraphDB vs. GreptimeDB vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. GraphDB vs. GreptimeDB vs. TinkerGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.

An open source Time Series DBMS built for increased scalability, high performance and efficiency

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	7.36
Rank	#53	Overall
	#9	Document stores

Score	3.25
Rank	#91	Overall
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#4	RDF stores

Score	0.12
Rank	#351	Overall
	#34	Time Series DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#345	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

www.ontotext.com

greptime.com

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

graphdb.ontotext.com/documentation

docs.greptime.com

Social network pages

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

Ontotext

Greptime Inc.

Initial release

2012

2017

2000

2022

2009

Current release

10.4, October 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Some plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourced

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Rust

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows

Android
Docker
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapes

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

yes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBC

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1

gRPC
HTTP API
JDBC

TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C++
Erlang
Go
Java
JavaScript

Groovy
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibility

Python

Triggers

yes, with Cloud Functions

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Using Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)

Immediate Consistency

none

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Constraint checking

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

optional

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.

Simple rights management via user accounts

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more

GreptimeDB is a SQL & Python-enabled timeseries database system built from scratch...
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Competitive advantages

GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
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- Inherits advantages of Rust, such as excellent performance, memory safe, resource...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more

For IoT industries, GreptimeDB can seamless integrate with message queues and other...
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Key customers

GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more

Greptime's clients span multiple sectors including IoT, connected vehicles, and energy...
» more

Market metrics

GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more

GreptimeDB has garnered global recognition by topping GitHub trends following its...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more

GreptimeDB: open source, distributed, cloud-native TSDB; supports Hybrid Time-series...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.