DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Immudb vs. LevelDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/datastore

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

github.com/google/leveldb

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

docs.immudb.io

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

Codenotary

Google

Initial release

2012

2008

2020

2011

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

1.23, February 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes, details here

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like query language (GQL)

SQL-like syntax

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

using Google App Engine

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

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