DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Firebird vs. Immudb vs. Kinetica

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Firebird vs. Immudb vs. Kinetica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Firebird is an open source RDBMS forked from Borland's InterBase

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	20.50
Rank	#30	Overall
	#18	Relational DBMS

Score	0.31
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.66
Rank	#234	Overall
	#107	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.firebirdsql.org

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.kinetica.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.firebirdsql.org/en/reference-manuals

docs.immudb.io

docs.kinetica.com

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Firebird Foundation

Codenotary

Kinetica

Initial release

2012

2000

As fork of Borland's InterBase

2020

2012

Current release

5.0.0, January 2024

1.2.3, April 2022

7.1, August 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Initial Developer's Public License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C and C++

C, C++

Server operating systems

hosted

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
server-less

Firebird Embedded Server
Solaris
Unix
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

SQL-like syntax

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
C/C++ API
JDBC

Jaybird
ODBC
OLE DB

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lua
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

PSQL

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Features a multi-generational MVCC architecture, readers do not block writers

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

GPU vRAM or System RAM

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

Access rights for users and roles on table level

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