DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Geode vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NuoDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Firebase Realtime Database vs. Geode vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB vs. NuoDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Cloud-hosted realtime document store. iOS, Android, and JavaScript clients share one Realtime Database instance and automatically receive updates with the newest data.

Geode is a distributed data container, pooling memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

NuoDB is a webscale distributed database that supports SQL and ACID transactions

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	13.64
Rank	#39	Overall
	#6	Document stores

Score	1.86
Rank	#134	Overall
	#24	Key-value stores

Score	27.71
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Score	0.94
Rank	#197	Overall
	#92	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

firebase.google.com/products/realtime-database

geode.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

www.3ds.com/nuodb-distributed-sql-database

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

firebase.google.com/docs/database

geode.apache.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

doc.nuodb.com

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Google

acquired by Google 2014

Originally developed by Gemstone. They outsourced the project to Apache in 2015 but still deliver a commercial version as Gemfire.

Microsoft

Dassault Systèmes

originally NuoDB, Inc.

Initial release

2012

2002

2014

2013

Current release

1.1, February 2017

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available as Gemfire

commercial

limited edition free

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

the JDK (8 or later) is also required

hosted

Amazon EC2, Windows Azure, SoftLayer
Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like query language (OQL)

SQL-like query language

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

Android
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

Java Client API
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java
JavaScript
Objective-C

.Net
All JVM based languages
C++
Groovy
Java
Scala

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

limited functionality with using 'rules'

user defined functions

JavaScript

Java, SQL

Triggers

Callbacks are triggered when data changes

yes

Cache Event Listeners

JavaScript

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

data is dynamically stored/cached on the nodes where it is read/written

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

yes

Managed transparently by NuoDB

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

if the client is offline
Immediate Consistency

if the client is online

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

yes

yes, on a single node

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

ACID

tunable commit protocol

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Temporary table

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes, based on authentication and database rules

Access rights per client and object definable

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

Standard SQL roles/ privileges, Administrative Users

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