DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. EXASOL vs. Google BigQuery vs. HBase vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. EXASOL vs. Google BigQuery vs. HBase vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

High-performance, in-memory, MPP database specifically designed for in-memory analytics.

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Wide column store

RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	1.99
Rank	#124	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.exasol.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery

hbase.apache.org

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.exasol.com/resources

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

hbase.apache.org/book.html

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Exasol

Google

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2012

2000

2010

2008

2004

Current release

2.3.4, January 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free, schema definition possible

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

.Net
JDBC
ODBC
WebSocket

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Java
Lua
Python
R

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

Coprocessors in Java

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

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