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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. DuckDB vs. Hazelcast vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. DuckDB vs. Hazelcast vs. PostgreSQL vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonDuckDB  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsAn embeddable, in-process, column-oriented SQL OLAP RDBMSA widely adopted in-memory data gridWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Document store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score16.88
Rank#35  Overall
#22  Relational DBMS
Score4.63
Rank#69  Overall
#37  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score0.18
Rank#332  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftduckdb.orghazelcast.comwww.postgresql.orggithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftduckdb.org/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docswww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)HazelcastPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2012201820081989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL2019
Current release0.10, February 20245.3.6, November 202316.3, May 20241.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++JavaCClojure
Server operating systemshostedserver-lessAll OS with a Java VMFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardyesSQL-like query languageyes infostandard with numerous extensionslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
Arrow Database Connectivity (ADBC)
CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCC
C# info3rd party driver
C++
Crystal info3rd party driver
Go info3rd party driver
Java
Lisp info3rd party driver
Python
R
Ruby info3rd party driver
Rust
Swift
Zig info3rd party driver
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.no
Triggersnonoyes infoEventsyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnoneyes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoRole-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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