DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. Kinetica

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Dgraph vs. Immudb vs. Kinetica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUs

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	15.25
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	1.39
Rank	#155	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#295	Overall
	#42	Key-value stores

Score	0.42
Rank	#261	Overall
	#120	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

dgraph.io

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.kinetica.com

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

dgraph.io/docs

docs.immudb.io

docs.kinetica.com

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Codenotary

Kinetica

Initial release

2012

2016

2020

2012

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

7.1, August 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

SQL-like syntax

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

triggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified range

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

yes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Synchronous replication via Raft

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

GPU vRAM or System RAM

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Planned for future releases

Access rights for users and roles on table level

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