DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. OpenEdge

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. OpenEdge

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings

Application development environment with integrated database management system

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	2.78
Rank	#103	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	44.89
Rank	#21	Overall
	#1	Graph DBMS

Score	3.45
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.datomic.com

milvus.io

neo4j.com

www.progress.com/openedge

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.datomic.com

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

neo4j.com/docs

documentation.progress.com/output/ua/OpenEdge_latest

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Cognitect

Neo4j, Inc.

Progress Software Corporation

Initial release

2012

2019

2007

1984

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

2.3.4, January 2024

5.20, May 2024

OpenEdge 12.2, March 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL version3, commercial licenses available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++, Go

Java, Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Linux

Can also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free and schema-optional

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

pluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

close to SQL 92

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM

Object Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
Java

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Progress proprietary ABL (Advanced Business Language)

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

User defined Procedures and Functions

yes

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

via event handler

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding

yes using Neo4j Fabric

horizontal partitioning

since Version 11.4

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

available in in Enterprise Version only

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

Users and groups

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
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Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
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Competitive advantages

Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
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Market metrics

As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
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Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
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Licensing and pricing models

Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
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