DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. LevelDB vs. MarkLogic vs. NSDb

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. LevelDB vs. MarkLogic vs. NSDb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL database

Scalable, High-performance Time Series DBMS designed for Real-time Analytics on top of Kubernetes

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store

as of version 7
Search engine

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	5.92
Rank	#58	Overall
	#10	Document stores
	#1	Native XML DBMS
	#1	RDF stores
	#6	Search engines

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#41	Time Series DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.datomic.com

github.com/google/leveldb

www.marklogic.com

nsdb.io

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.datomic.com

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

docs.marklogic.com

nsdb.io/Architecture

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Cognitect

Google

MarkLogic Corp.

Initial release

2012

2011

2001

2017

Current release

1.0.6735, June 2023

1.23, February 2021

11.0, December 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

BSD

commercial

restricted free version is available

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

Java, Scala

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

yes: int, bigint, decimal, string

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

SQL92

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API

Proprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT

gRPC
HTTP REST
WebSocket

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
Java

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Java
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

via XQuery or JavaScript

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobs

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

can act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

Using Apache Lucene

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes, with Range Indexes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levels

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