DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TerarkDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. TerarkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Well established RDBMS

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

A key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDB

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#82	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	0.08
Rank	#367	Overall
	#56	Key-value stores

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.datomic.com

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

github.com/bytedance/terarkdb

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

docs.datomic.com

docs.actian.com/ingres

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

bytedance.larkoffice.com/docs/doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKc

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Cognitect

Actian Corporation

Microsoft

ByteDance, originally Terark

Initial release

2012

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2016

Current release

1.0.7075, December 2023

11.2, May 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

restricted open source version available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java, Clojure

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

Clojure
Java

C#
Java
PHP

C++
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

Transaction Functions

yes

Transact SQL

Triggers

By using transaction functions

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Ingres Replicator

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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