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DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Neo4j

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Datomic vs. IBM Db2 vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Neo4j

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameAmazon Redshift  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLarge scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence toolsDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityCommon in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offerings
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBSearch engineGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Vector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score17.94
Rank#34  Overall
#21  Relational DBMS
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score128.46
Rank#8  Overall
#5  Relational DBMS
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Websiteaws.amazon.com/­redshiftwww.datomic.comwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2azure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchneo4j.com
Technical documentationdocs.aws.amazon.com/­redshiftdocs.datomic.comwww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2learn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchneo4j.com/­docs
DeveloperAmazon (based on PostgreSQL)CognitectIBMMicrosoftNeo4j, Inc.
Initial release201220121983 infohost version20152007
Current release1.0.6735, June 202312.1, October 2016V15.19, April 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infolimited edition freecommercial infofree version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageCJava, ClojureC and C++Java, Scala
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
hostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free and schema-optional
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesrestrictedyesyesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Lucene
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infodoes not fully support an SQL-standardnoyesnono
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
RESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBCClojure
Java
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions infoin Pythonyes infoTransaction Functionsyesnoyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functions
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyesnoyes infovia event handler
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux VersionSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes using Neo4j Fabric
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version only
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoinformational only, not enforced by the systemnoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousing Azure authenticationUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Amazon RedshiftDatomicIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft Azure AI SearchNeo4j
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources
Amazon RedshiftDatomicIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2Microsoft Azure AI SearchNeo4j
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