DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Cubrid vs. FoundationDB vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Cubrid vs. FoundationDB vs. Immudb vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

CUBRID is an open-source SQL-based relational database management system with object extensions for OLTP

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	1.20
Rank	#169	Overall
	#78	Relational DBMS

Score	1.03
Rank	#190	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#89	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	20.56
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

cubrid.com (korean)
cubrid.org (english)

github.com/apple/foundationdb

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

cubrid.org/manuals

apple.github.io/foundationdb

docs.immudb.io

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

CUBRID Corporation, CUBRID Foundation

FoundationDB

Codenotary

Microsoft

Initial release

2012

2008

2013

2020

2016

Current release

11.0, January 2021

6.2.28, November 2020

1.2.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C, C++, Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
Windows

Linux
OS X
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

hosted

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes

supported in specific SQL layer only

SQL-like syntax

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C#
Java
PHP

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

Java Stored Procedures

in SQL-layer only

Transact SQL

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

in SQL-layer only

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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