DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. CockroachDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. CockroachDB vs. LeanXcale vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.

A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilities

A multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodes

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	17.94
Rank	#34	Overall
	#21	Relational DBMS

Score	6.15
Rank	#55	Overall
	#33	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#291	Overall
	#41	Key-value stores
	#132	Relational DBMS

Score	2.95
Rank	#100	Overall
	#17	Document stores
	#17	Key-value stores
	#50	Relational DBMS

Score	5.00
Rank	#66	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.cockroachlabs.com

www.leanxcale.com

www.oracle.com/database/nosql/technologies/nosql

trino.io

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.cockroachlabs.com/docs

docs.oracle.com/en/database/other-databases/nosql-database/index.html

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

Social network pages

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Cockroach Labs

LeanXcale

Oracle

Trino Software Foundation

Initial release

2012

2015

2011

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

Current release

23.1.1, May 2023

23.3, December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0, commercial license available

commercial

Open Source

Proprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
macOS
Windows

Linux
Solaris SPARC/x86

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Data scheme

yes

dynamic schema

yes

Support Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

optional

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

depending on connected data-source

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

yes, wire compatible with PostgreSQL

yes

through Apache Derby

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC

JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector

RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust

C
Java
Scala

C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

all tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFT

Sharding

depending on connected data-source

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Multi-source replication using RAFT

Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table feature

depending on connected data-source

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

depending on configuration

depending on connected data-source

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

configurable

ACID within a storage node (=shard)

depending on connected data-source

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

depending on connected data-source

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

off heap cache

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Access rights for users and roles

SQL standard access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more

Competitive advantages

High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more

Key customers

Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more

Market metrics

33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more

News

60: Trino calling AI
22 May 2024

Big names round out the Trino Fest 2024 lineup
8 May 2024

59: Querying Trino with Java and jOOQ
24 April 2024

A sneak peek of Trino Fest 2024
15 April 2024

Time travel in Delta Lake connector
11 April 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.