DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. MonetDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. Cloudflare Workers KV vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. MonetDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A global, low-latency, key-value store for applications on Cloudflare with exceptionally high read volumes and low-latency.

Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A relational database management system that stores data in columns

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store

supported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS

supported via specific SQL-layer

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	0.39
Rank	#274	Overall
	#39	Key-value stores

Score	1.06
Rank	#185	Overall
	#31	Document stores
	#28	Key-value stores
	#85	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	1.72
Rank	#141	Overall
	#64	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

www.cloudflare.com/developer-platform/workers-kv

github.com/apple/foundationdb

github.com/google/leveldb

www.monetdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

developers.cloudflare.com/kv/api

apple.github.io/foundationdb

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

www.monetdb.org/Documentation

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Cloudflare

FoundationDB

Google

MonetDB BV

Initial release

2012

2018

2013

2011

2004

Current release

6.2.28, November 2020

1.23, February 2021

Dec2023 (11.49), December 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Mozilla Public License 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

some layers support schemas

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

some layers support typing

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

supported in specific SQL layer only

yes

SQL 2003 with some extensions

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
Proprietary protocol

JDBC
native C library

MAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

C
C++
Dart
JavaScript
Kotlin
Python
Rust
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

C
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

in SQL-layer only

yes, in SQL, C, R

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding via remote tables

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

none

Source-replica replication available in experimental status

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Linearizable consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

in SQL-layer only

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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