DBMS > Amazon Redshift vs. ClickHouse vs. NebulaGraph vs. Trino vs. YDB

System Properties Comparison Amazon Redshift vs. ClickHouse vs. NebulaGraph vs. Trino vs. YDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service for use with business intelligence tools

A high-performance, column-oriented SQL DBMS for online analytical processing (OLAP) that uses all available system resources to their full potential to process each analytical query as fast as possible. It is available as both an open-source software and a cloud offering.

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Fast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL

A distributed fault-tolerant database service, with high availability, scalability, immediate consistency and ACID transactions and providing an Amazon DynamoDB compatible API

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Relational DBMS

Document store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Time Series DBMS

Document store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	16.88
Rank	#35	Overall
	#22	Relational DBMS

Score	15.55
Rank	#38	Overall
	#23	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	4.99
Rank	#65	Overall
	#36	Relational DBMS

Score	0.33
Rank	#287	Overall
	#43	Document stores
	#132	Relational DBMS

Website

aws.amazon.com/redshift

clickhouse.com

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

trino.io

github.com/ydb-platform/ydb
ydb.tech

Technical documentation

docs.aws.amazon.com/redshift

clickhouse.com/docs

docs.nebula-graph.io

trino.io/broadcast
trino.io/docs/current

ydb.tech/en/docs

Social network pages

Developer

Amazon (based on PostgreSQL)

Clickhouse Inc.

Vesoft Inc.

Trino Software Foundation

Yandex

Initial release

2012

2016

2019

2012

2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL

2019

Current release

v24.4.2.141-stable, June 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0; commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for Clickhouse: Managed cloud data warehousing with high-speed analytics.
DoubleCloud: Fully managed ClickHouse alongside best-in-class managed open-source services to build analytics at scale.
ClickHouse Cloud: Get the performance you love from open source ClickHouse in a serverless offering that takes care of the details so you can spend more time getting insight out of the fastest database on earth.

Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS

Linux

Linux
macOS

for devlopment

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

restricted

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

depending on connected data-source

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

does not fully support an SQL-standard

Close to ANSI SQL (SQL/JSON + extensions)

SQL-like query language

yes

SQL-like query language (YQL)

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

gRPC
HTTP REST
JDBC
MySQL wire protocol
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Proprietary protocol

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI

RESTful HTTP API (DynamoDB compatible)

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

3rd party library
C++
Elixir

3rd party library
Go

3rd party library
Java

3rd party library
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party library
Kotlin

3rd party library
Nim

3rd party library
Perl

3rd party library
PHP

3rd party library
Python

3rd party library
R

3rd party library
Ruby

3rd party library
Rust
Scala

3rd party library

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in Python

yes

user defined functions

yes, depending on connected data-source

Triggers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

key based and custom

Sharding

depending on connected data-source

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

yes

Asynchronous and synchronous physical replication; geographically distributed replicas; support for object storages.

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

depending on connected data-source

Active-passive shard replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

depending on connected data-source

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

informational only, not enforced by the system

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

depending on connected data-source

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

depending on connected data-source

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles. Column and row based policies. Quotas and resource limits. Pluggable authentication with LDAP and Kerberos. Password based, X.509 certificate, and SSH key authentication.

Role-based access control

SQL standard access control

Access rights defined for Yandex Cloud users

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

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Competitive advantages

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Typical application scenarios

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Key customers

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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
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Licensing and pricing models

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